Materials

We aim to raise the awareness of Vietnamese employees and employers about occupational safety & health issues and the rights of workers to a safe workplace environment. The goal of the Community Awareness Campaign on Occupational Safety (CACOS) program is to reduce work-related exposures, injuries, illnesses, and fatalities.

Mương và Hố Đào (Trenching & Excavation)

Mương và Hố Đào

Tôi có bị nguy hiểm không?

Tất cả hố đào đều nguy hiểm vì chúng vốn đã không vững chắc. Nếu hẹp, chúng sẽ có thêm nguy cơ thiếu dưỡng khí, nhiều hơi độc, và đọng nước. Nếu không dùng hệ thống bảo vệ trong khi làm việc ở những mương hoặc hố đào, bạn có thể bị ngộp thở, hít chất độc, hoả hoạn, chết đuối hoặc bị đè do sập hố.

(>> Xem tiếp)

Nguy Hiểm Về Điện (Electrical Hazards)

Những Nguy Hiểm Của Điện Lực

Điện lực đã trở thành một nhu cầu thiết yếu trong đời sống tân tiến ngày nay. Có lẽ vì là thành phần quá quen thuộc ở xung quanh chúng ta, nên điện không được đối sử thân trọng với vị thế của nó. ( >> Xem tiếp...)

Những Hóa Chất Nguy Hiểm (Hazardous Substances)

1. Amiăng (Asbestos): Amiăng là tên của một nhóm khoáng chất tự nhiên có trong vài loại sản phẩm, như vật liệu xây dựng và thắng xe, chất chống cao nhiệt và gặm mòn

(>> Xem tiếp...)

2. Hơi Nhựa Đường (Asphalt Fumes): Hơi nhựa đường rất độc hại khi hít phải. Hơi nhựa đường có chứa chất gây ung thư. (>> Xem tiếp...)

3. Tinh thể Silica (Crystalline Silica): Silica ảnh hưởng nghiêm trọng đến gần 2 triệu công nhân Hoa Kỳ, bao gồm 100,000 công nhân làm những việc nguy hiểm như phun chất để mài mòn, xưởng đúc, cắt đá, khoan đá, khai thác đá và đào hầm hố. (>> Xem tiếp...)

4. Khí Etelen (Ethylene Oxide): là một loại khí ga không màu, dễ cháy, ở nhiệt độ trên 51.3 oF (10.7 oC) và có mùi như chất êthe (ether) khi ở mức độc hại (>> Xem tiếp...)

5. Chì (Lead): Chì đã gây độc hại cho công nhân cả ngàn năm nay. Trong ngành xây dựng, mối nguy hiểm do chì thường xẩy ra trong nghề hàn chì, lắp ống nước, và sơn phết. (>> Xem tiếp...)

Đề Phòng Té Rớt (Fall Protection)

Tôi Có Bị Nguy Hiểm Không?

Trong một hoàn cảnh kiến trúc nào đó, hầu như chỗ làm việc nào cũng có những cạnh, bờ tường, khoảng trống trên vách hoặc dưới sàn không được che chắn, bảo vệ. Vì không được bảo vệ nên thương tích từ bong gân tới bất tỉnh, tử vong do té rới hoặc vật liệu rơi trúng có thể xẩy ra. (>> Đọc tiếp ...)

HIV/AIDS prevention

What is HIV?
HIV - Human Immunodeficiency Virus - is a virus that kills your body's "CD4 cells." CD4 cells (also called T-helper cells) help your body fight off infection and disease.

What is AIDS?
AIDS - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - is a disease you get when HIV destroys your body's immune system. Normally, your immune system helps you fight off illness. When your immune system fails you can become very sick and die.

How can I get HIV?

By having unprotected sex - sex without a condom - with someone who has HIV. The virus can be in an infected person's blood, semen, or vaginal secretions and can enter your body through tiny cuts or sores in your skin, or in the lining of your vagina, penis, rectum, or mouth.
By sharing a needle and syringe to inject drugs or sharing drug equipment used to prepare drugs for injection with someone who has HIV.
From a blood transfusion or blood clotting factor that you got before 1985. (But today it is unlikely you could get infected that way because all blood in the United States has been tested for HIV/AIDS.
Babies born to women with HIV also can become infected during pregnancy, birth, or breast-feeding (breast-milk).

You CANNOT get HIV:

By working with or being around someone who has HIV
From sweat, spit, tears, clothes, drinking fountain, phones, toilet seats, or through everyday things like sharing a meal
From insect bites or stings
From donating blood
From a closed-mouth kiss (but there is a very small chance of getting it from open-mouthed or "French" kissing with an infected person because of possible blood contact.)

Hoa can I protect myself?

Don't share needles and syringes used to inject drugs, steroids, vitamins, or for tattooing or body piercing. Also, don't share equipment ("works") used to prepare drugs to be injected. Many people have been infected with HIV, hepatitis, and other germs this way. Germs from an infected person can stay in a needle and then be injected directly into the next person who uses the needle.

The surest way to avoid transmission of sexually transmitted diseases is to abstain from sexual intercourse, or to be in a long-term mutually monogamous relationship with a partner who has been tested and you know is uninfected.
For persons whose sexual behaviors place them at risk for STDs, correct and consistent use of the male latex condom can reduce the risk of STD transmission. However, no protective method is 100 percent effective, and condom use cannot guarantee absolute protection against any STD. The more sex partners you have, the greater your chances are of getting HIV or other diseases passed through sex.
Condoms lubricated with spermicides are no more effective than other lubricated condoms in protecting against the transmission of HIV and other STDs. In order to achieve the protective effect of condoms, they must be used correctly and consistently. Incorrect use can lead to condom slippage or breakage, thus diminishing their protective effect. Inconsistent use, e.g., failure to use condoms with every act of intercourse, can lead to STD transmission because transmission can occur with a single act of intercourse.
Don't share razors or toothbrushes because of the possibility of contact with blood.
If you are pregnant or think you might be soon, talk to a doctor or your local health department about being tested for HIV. Drug treatments are available to help you and reduce the chance of passing HIV to your baby if you have it.

* (The above information is taken from the Center for Disease Control website www.cdc.gov)

How can I protect myself?

Don't share needles and syringes used to inject drugs, steroids, vitamins, or for tattooing or body piercing. Also, don't share equipment ("works") used to prepare drugs to be injected. Many people have been infected with HIV, hepatitis, and other germs this way. Germs from an infected person can stay in a needle and then be injected directly into the next person who uses the needle.
The surest way to avoid transmission of sexually transmitted diseases is to abstain from sexual intercourse, or to be in a long-term mutually monogamous relationship with a partner who has been tested and you know is uninfected.
For persons whose sexual behaviors place them at risk for STDs, correct and consistent use of the male latex condom can reduce the risk of STD transmission. However, no protective method is 100 percent effective, and condom use cannot guarantee absolute protection against any STD. The more sex partners you have, the greater your chances are of getting HIV or other diseases passed through sex.
Condoms lubricated with spermicides are no more effective than other lubricated condoms in protecting against the transmission of HIV and other STDs. In order to achieve the protective effect of condoms, they must be used correctly and consistently. Incorrect use can lead to condom slippage or breakage, thus diminishing their protective effect. Inconsistent use, e.g., failure to use condoms with every act of intercourse, can lead to STD transmission because transmission can occur with a single act of intercourse.
Don't share razors or toothbrushes because of the possibility of contact with blood.
If you are pregnant or think you might be soon, talk to a doctor or your local health department about being tested for HIV. Drug treatments are available to help you and reduce the chance of passing HIV to your baby if you have it.

* (The above information is taken from the Center for Disease Control website www.cdc.gov)

Facts about HIV/AIDS

Latex condoms
Latex condoms, when used consistently and correctly, are highly effective in preventing the transmission of HIV.

Half under 25
Half of all new HIV infections in the U.S. are believed to occur in people under the age of 25.

Pregnancy
If you are an HIV-positive pregnant woman, you can prevent giving HIV to your baby.

1 in 4
Approximately 1 in 4 HIV infected persons don't know they are infected